1 from django import forms
2 from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType
3 from django.contrib.contenttypes import generic
4 from django.core.exceptions import ObjectDoesNotExist
5 from django.core.validators import RegexValidator
6 from django.db import models
7 from django.utils import simplejson as json
8 from django.utils.encoding import force_unicode
9 from mptt.models import MPTTModel, MPTTModelBase, MPTTOptions
11 from philo.exceptions import AncestorDoesNotExist
12 from philo.models.fields import JSONField
13 from philo.signals import entity_class_prepared
14 from philo.utils import ContentTypeRegistryLimiter, ContentTypeSubclassLimiter
15 from philo.utils.entities import AttributeMapper, TreeAttributeMapper
16 from philo.validators import json_validator
19 __all__ = ('Tag', 'value_content_type_limiter', 'register_value_model', 'unregister_value_model', 'JSONValue', 'ForeignKeyValue', 'ManyToManyValue', 'Attribute', 'Entity', 'TreeEntity')
22 class Tag(models.Model):
23 """A simple, generic model for tagging."""
24 #: A CharField (max length 255) which contains the name of the tag.
25 name = models.CharField(max_length=255)
26 #: A CharField (max length 255) which contains the tag's unique slug.
27 slug = models.SlugField(max_length=255, unique=True)
29 def __unicode__(self):
30 """Returns the value of the :attr:`name` field"""
38 class Titled(models.Model):
39 title = models.CharField(max_length=255)
40 slug = models.SlugField(max_length=255)
42 def __unicode__(self):
49 #: An instance of :class:`.ContentTypeRegistryLimiter` which is used to track the content types which can be related to by :class:`ForeignKeyValue`\ s and :class:`ManyToManyValue`\ s.
50 value_content_type_limiter = ContentTypeRegistryLimiter()
53 def register_value_model(model):
54 """Registers a model as a valid content type for a :class:`ForeignKeyValue` or :class:`ManyToManyValue` through the :data:`value_content_type_limiter`."""
55 value_content_type_limiter.register_class(model)
58 register_value_model(Tag)
61 def unregister_value_model(model):
62 """Registers a model as a valid content type for a :class:`ForeignKeyValue` or :class:`ManyToManyValue` through the :data:`value_content_type_limiter`."""
63 value_content_type_limiter.unregister_class(model)
66 class AttributeValue(models.Model):
68 This is an abstract base class for models that can be used as values for :class:`Attribute`\ s.
70 AttributeValue subclasses are expected to supply access to a clean version of their value through an attribute called "value".
74 #: :class:`GenericRelation` to :class:`Attribute`
75 attribute_set = generic.GenericRelation('Attribute', content_type_field='value_content_type', object_id_field='value_object_id')
77 def set_value(self, value):
78 """Given a ``value``, sets the appropriate fields so that it can be correctly stored in the database."""
79 raise NotImplementedError
81 def value_formfields(self, **kwargs):
83 Returns any formfields that would be used to construct an instance of this value.
85 :returns: A dictionary mapping field names to formfields.
89 raise NotImplementedError
91 def construct_instance(self, **kwargs):
92 """Applies cleaned data from the formfields generated by valid_formfields to oneself."""
93 raise NotImplementedError
95 def __unicode__(self):
96 return unicode(self.value)
102 #: An instance of :class:`ContentTypeSubclassLimiter` which is used to track the content types which are considered valid value models for an :class:`Attribute`.
103 attribute_value_limiter = ContentTypeSubclassLimiter(AttributeValue)
106 class JSONValue(AttributeValue):
107 """Stores a python object as a json string."""
108 value = JSONField(verbose_name='Value (JSON)', help_text='This value must be valid JSON.', default='null', db_index=True)
110 def __unicode__(self):
111 return force_unicode(self.value)
113 def value_formfields(self):
114 kwargs = {'initial': self.value_json}
115 field = self._meta.get_field('value')
116 return {field.name: field.formfield(**kwargs)}
118 def construct_instance(self, **kwargs):
119 field_name = self._meta.get_field('value').name
120 self.set_value(kwargs.pop(field_name, None))
122 def set_value(self, value):
129 class ForeignKeyValue(AttributeValue):
130 """Stores a generic relationship to an instance of any value content type (as defined by the :data:`value_content_type_limiter`)."""
131 content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, limit_choices_to=value_content_type_limiter, verbose_name='Value type', null=True, blank=True)
132 object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField(verbose_name='Value ID', null=True, blank=True, db_index=True)
133 value = generic.GenericForeignKey()
135 def value_formfields(self):
136 field = self._meta.get_field('content_type')
137 fields = {field.name: field.formfield(initial=getattr(self.content_type, 'pk', None))}
139 if self.content_type:
141 'initial': self.object_id,
143 'queryset': self.content_type.model_class()._default_manager.all()
145 fields['value'] = forms.ModelChoiceField(**kwargs)
148 def construct_instance(self, **kwargs):
149 field_name = self._meta.get_field('content_type').name
150 ct = kwargs.pop(field_name, None)
151 if ct is None or ct != self.content_type:
152 self.object_id = None
153 self.content_type = ct
155 value = kwargs.pop('value', None)
156 self.set_value(value)
158 self.content_type = ct
160 def set_value(self, value):
167 class ManyToManyValue(AttributeValue):
168 """Stores a generic relationship to many instances of any value content type (as defined by the :data:`value_content_type_limiter`)."""
169 content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, limit_choices_to=value_content_type_limiter, verbose_name='Value type', null=True, blank=True)
170 values = models.ManyToManyField(ForeignKeyValue, blank=True, null=True)
172 def get_object_ids(self):
173 return self.values.values_list('object_id', flat=True)
174 object_ids = property(get_object_ids)
176 def set_value(self, value):
177 # Value must be a queryset. Watch out for ModelMultipleChoiceField;
178 # it returns its value as a list if empty.
180 self.content_type = ContentType.objects.get_for_model(value.model)
182 # Before we can fiddle with the many-to-many to foreignkeyvalues, we need
187 object_ids = value.values_list('id', flat=True)
189 # These lines shouldn't be necessary; however, if object_ids is an EmptyQuerySet,
190 # the code (specifically the object_id__in query) won't work without them. Unclear why...
191 # TODO: is this still the case?
193 self.values.all().delete()
195 self.values.exclude(object_id__in=object_ids, content_type=self.content_type).delete()
197 current_ids = self.object_ids
199 for object_id in object_ids:
200 if object_id in current_ids:
202 self.values.create(content_type=self.content_type, object_id=object_id)
205 if self.content_type is None:
208 # HACK to be safely explicit until http://code.djangoproject.com/ticket/15145 is resolved
209 object_ids = self.object_ids
210 manager = self.content_type.model_class()._default_manager
212 return manager.none()
213 return manager.filter(id__in=self.object_ids)
215 value = property(get_value, set_value)
217 def value_formfields(self):
218 field = self._meta.get_field('content_type')
219 fields = {field.name: field.formfield(initial=getattr(self.content_type, 'pk', None))}
221 if self.content_type:
223 'initial': self.object_ids,
225 'queryset': self.content_type.model_class()._default_manager.all()
227 fields['value'] = forms.ModelMultipleChoiceField(**kwargs)
230 def construct_instance(self, **kwargs):
231 field_name = self._meta.get_field('content_type').name
232 ct = kwargs.pop(field_name, None)
233 if ct is None or ct != self.content_type:
235 self.content_type = ct
237 value = kwargs.get('value', None)
239 value = self.content_type.model_class()._default_manager.none()
240 self.set_value(value)
241 construct_instance.alters_data = True
247 class Attribute(models.Model):
248 """Represents an arbitrary key/value pair on an arbitrary :class:`Model` where the key consists of word characters and the value is a subclass of :class:`AttributeValue`."""
249 entity_content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, related_name='attribute_entity_set', verbose_name='Entity type')
250 entity_object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField(verbose_name='Entity ID', db_index=True)
252 #: :class:`GenericForeignKey` to anything (generally an instance of an Entity subclass).
253 entity = generic.GenericForeignKey('entity_content_type', 'entity_object_id')
255 value_content_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, related_name='attribute_value_set', limit_choices_to=attribute_value_limiter, verbose_name='Value type', null=True, blank=True)
256 value_object_id = models.PositiveIntegerField(verbose_name='Value ID', null=True, blank=True, db_index=True)
258 #: :class:`GenericForeignKey` to an instance of a subclass of :class:`AttributeValue` as determined by the :data:`attribute_value_limiter`.
259 value = generic.GenericForeignKey('value_content_type', 'value_object_id')
261 #: :class:`CharField` containing a key (up to 255 characters) consisting of alphanumeric characters and underscores.
262 key = models.CharField(max_length=255, validators=[RegexValidator("\w+")], help_text="Must contain one or more alphanumeric characters or underscores.", db_index=True)
264 def __unicode__(self):
265 return u'"%s": %s' % (self.key, self.value)
267 def set_value(self, value, value_class=JSONValue):
268 """Given a value and a value class, sets up self.value appropriately."""
269 if isinstance(self.value, value_class):
272 if isinstance(self.value, models.Model):
284 unique_together = (('key', 'entity_content_type', 'entity_object_id'), ('value_content_type', 'value_object_id'))
287 class EntityOptions(object):
288 def __init__(self, options):
289 if options is not None:
290 for key, value in options.__dict__.items():
291 setattr(self, key, value)
292 if not hasattr(self, 'proxy_fields'):
293 self.proxy_fields = []
295 def add_proxy_field(self, proxy_field):
296 self.proxy_fields.append(proxy_field)
299 class EntityBase(models.base.ModelBase):
300 def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
301 entity_meta = attrs.pop('EntityMeta', None)
302 new = super(EntityBase, cls).__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
303 new.add_to_class('_entity_meta', EntityOptions(entity_meta))
304 entity_class_prepared.send(sender=new)
308 class Entity(models.Model):
309 """An abstract class that simplifies access to related attributes. Most models provided by Philo subclass Entity."""
310 __metaclass__ = EntityBase
312 attribute_set = generic.GenericRelation(Attribute, content_type_field='entity_content_type', object_id_field='entity_object_id')
314 def get_attribute_mapper(self, mapper=AttributeMapper):
316 Returns an :class:`.AttributeMapper` which can be used to retrieve related :class:`Attribute`\ s' values directly.
320 >>> attr = entity.attribute_set.get(key='spam')
323 >>> entity.attributes['spam']
328 attributes = property(get_attribute_mapper)
334 class TreeManager(models.Manager):
335 use_for_related_fields = True
337 def get_with_path(self, path, root=None, absolute_result=True, pathsep='/', field='slug'):
339 If ``absolute_result`` is ``True``, returns the object at ``path`` (starting at ``root``) or raises an :class:`~django.core.exceptions.ObjectDoesNotExist` exception. Otherwise, returns a tuple containing the deepest object found along ``path`` (or ``root`` if no deeper object is found) and the remainder of the path after that object as a string (or None if there is no remaining path).
341 .. note:: If you are looking for something with an exact path, it is faster to use absolute_result=True, unless the path depth is over ~40, in which case the high cost of the absolute query may make a binary search (i.e. non-absolute) faster.
343 .. note:: SQLite allows max of 64 tables in one join. That means the binary search will only work on paths with a max depth of 127 and the absolute fetch will only work to a max depth of (surprise!) 63. Larger depths could be handled, but since the common use case will not have a tree structure that deep, they are not.
345 :param path: The path of the object
346 :param root: The object which will be considered the root of the search
347 :param absolute_result: Whether to return an absolute result or do a binary search
348 :param pathsep: The path separator used in ``path``
349 :param field: The field on the model which should be queried for ``path`` segment matching.
350 :returns: An instance if ``absolute_result`` is ``True`` or an (instance, remaining_path) tuple otherwise.
351 :raises django.core.exceptions.ObjectDoesNotExist: if no object can be found matching the input parameters.
355 segments = path.split(pathsep)
357 # Clean out blank segments. Handles multiple consecutive pathseps.
364 # Special-case a lack of segments. No queries necessary.
371 raise self.model.DoesNotExist('%s matching query does not exist.' % self.model._meta.object_name)
373 def make_query_kwargs(segments, root):
376 revsegs = list(segments)
379 for segment in revsegs:
380 kwargs["%s%s__exact" % (prefix, field)] = segment
384 kwargs[prefix[:-2]] = root
388 def find_obj(segments, depth, deepest_found=None):
389 if deepest_found is None:
392 deepest_level = deepest_found.get_level() + 1
394 deepest_level = deepest_found.get_level() - root.get_level()
396 obj = self.get(**make_query_kwargs(segments[deepest_level:depth], deepest_found or root))
397 except self.model.DoesNotExist:
398 if not deepest_level and depth > 1:
399 # make sure there's a root node...
402 # Try finding one with half the path since the deepest find.
403 depth = (deepest_level + depth)/2
405 if deepest_level == depth:
406 # This should happen if nothing is found with any part of the given path.
407 if root is not None and deepest_found is None:
408 return root, pathsep.join(segments)
411 return find_obj(segments, depth, deepest_found)
415 deepest_level = obj.get_level() + 1
417 deepest_level = obj.get_level() - root.get_level()
419 # Could there be a deeper one?
420 if obj.is_leaf_node():
421 return obj, pathsep.join(segments[deepest_level:]) or None
423 depth += (len(segments) - depth)/2 or len(segments) - depth
425 if depth > deepest_level + obj.get_descendant_count():
426 depth = deepest_level + obj.get_descendant_count()
428 if deepest_level == depth:
429 return obj, pathsep.join(segments[deepest_level:]) or None
432 return find_obj(segments, depth, obj)
433 except self.model.DoesNotExist:
434 # Then this was the deepest.
435 return obj, pathsep.join(segments[deepest_level:])
438 return self.get(**make_query_kwargs(segments, root))
440 # Try a modified binary search algorithm. Feed the root in so that query complexity
441 # can be reduced. It might be possible to weight the search towards the beginning
442 # of the path, since short paths are more likely, but how far forward? It would
443 # need to shift depending on len(segments) - perhaps logarithmically?
444 return find_obj(segments, len(segments)/2 or len(segments))
447 class TreeModel(MPTTModel):
448 objects = TreeManager()
449 parent = models.ForeignKey('self', related_name='children', null=True, blank=True)
450 slug = models.SlugField(max_length=255)
452 def get_path(self, root=None, pathsep='/', field='slug'):
454 :param root: Only return the path since this object.
455 :param pathsep: The path separator to use when constructing an instance's path
456 :param field: The field to pull path information from for each ancestor.
457 :returns: A string representation of an object's path.
464 if root is not None and not self.is_descendant_of(root):
465 raise AncestorDoesNotExist(root)
467 qs = self.get_ancestors(include_self=True)
470 qs = qs.filter(**{'%s__gt' % self._mptt_meta.level_attr: root.get_level()})
472 return pathsep.join([getattr(parent, field, '?') for parent in qs])
473 path = property(get_path)
475 def __unicode__(self):
479 unique_together = (('parent', 'slug'),)
483 class TreeEntityBase(MPTTModelBase, EntityBase):
484 def __new__(meta, name, bases, attrs):
485 attrs['_mptt_meta'] = MPTTOptions(attrs.pop('MPTTMeta', None))
486 cls = EntityBase.__new__(meta, name, bases, attrs)
488 return meta.register(cls)
491 class TreeEntity(Entity, TreeModel):
492 """An abstract subclass of Entity which represents a tree relationship."""
494 __metaclass__ = TreeEntityBase
496 def get_attribute_mapper(self, mapper=None):
498 Returns a :class:`.TreeAttributeMapper` or :class:`.AttributeMapper` which can be used to retrieve related :class:`Attribute`\ s' values directly. If an :class:`Attribute` with a given key is not related to the :class:`Entity`, then the mapper will check the parent's attributes.
502 >>> attr = entity.attribute_set.get(key='spam')
503 DoesNotExist: Attribute matching query does not exist.
504 >>> attr = entity.parent.attribute_set.get(key='spam')
507 >>> entity.attributes['spam']
513 mapper = TreeAttributeMapper
515 mapper = AttributeMapper
516 return super(TreeEntity, self).get_attribute_mapper(mapper)
517 attributes = property(get_attribute_mapper)